2024/03 | LEM Working Paper Series | ||||||||||||||||
Will robot replace workers? Assessing the impact of robots on employment and wages with meta-analysis |
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Dario Guarascio, Alessandro Piccirillo and Jelena Reljic |
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Keywords | |||||||||||||||||
robots, employment, wages, meta-analysis, publication bias
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JEL Classifications | |||||||||||||||||
J21, J23, J24, J31, O33
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Abstract | |||||||||||||||||
This study conducts a meta-analysis to assess the effects of
robotization on employment and wages, compiling data from 33 studies
with 644 estimates on employment and a subset of 19 studies with 195
estimates on wages. We identify a publication bias towards negative
outcomes, especially concerning wages. After correcting for this bias,
the actual impact appears minimal. Thus, concerns about the disruptive
effects of robots on employment and the risk of widespread
technological unemployment may be exaggerated or not yet empirically
supported. While this does not preclude that robots will be capable of
gaining greater disruptive potential in the future or that they are
not already disruptive in specific contexts, the evidence to date
suggests their aggregate effect is negligible.
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